What are the common applications of gravity casting?
In the field of metal and alloy die casting, gravity die casting is considered one of the earliest technologies, with the first manually operated machine invented in 1838.
Although the process of gravity die casting dates back to the Victorian era, it remains key to modern engineering and manufacturing - despite many notable advancements.
How does gravity casting work?
Gravity die casting involves pouring molten metal from a ladle into a semi-permanent or permanent mold.
The standard process can be summarized in four steps:
The two halves of the mold are heated and then sprayed with an insulating coating to prevent premature solidification and facilitate removal of the casting at the end of the process.The mold is then clamped together so that molten metal can be poured into its open cavity.The metal solidifies and cools quickly.
The mold reopens so the casting can be removed.
Far from the manual procedures of the 1800's, this process can now be automated to increase accuracy and reduce risk. Modern toolmaking techniques have also allowed us to make more complex mold tools, and advances in alloy development and melt control have enabled higher performance materials to be cast.
Why Gravity Casting?
Gravity die casting continues to offer many benefits, which will give it an advantage over other die casting methods for certain applications and projects.
These include:
1. High productivity. The automation of gravity casting technology means that hundreds of castings can be produced in a single day.
2. Dimensional accuracy. This helps create castings that are both durable and dimensionally stable.
3. Versatility. Gravity die casting can produce extremely complex shapes and is suitable for complex parts.
4. High tensile strength. This is ideal for heavy machinery applications, especially when combined with heat treating.
5. Multiple finishing options. Whether you require a smooth or textured surface, gravity die casting can accommodate this requirement with minimal effort late in the production cycle.