IntroductionCast aluminum alloys have become indispensable materials in modern manufacturing, widely used in automotive, aerospace, electronics, and consumer ...
1. Overview of CastingCasting is one of the oldest and most fundamental manufacturing processes, dating back over 6,000 years to ancient civilizations such as...
Aluminum alloys are widely used in various industries due to their excellent properties such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and good formabili...
Gravity casting is a permanent-mold casting method where molten non‑ferrous alloy is introduced into a reusable metal die under gravity only (no high‑pressure...